Countries
Azerbaijan, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Iraq, Kosovo, Macedonia, Northern Cyprus, Romania, Turkey
  
Afganistan
  
National Language
Turkey
  
Afganistan, Pakistan, Pashtun diaspora
  
Second Language
Not spoken in any of the countries
  
Not spoken in any of the countries
  
Speaking Continents
Asia, Europe
  
Asia
  
Minority Language
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Iraq, Kosovo, Macedonia, Romania
  
Pakistan
  
Regulated By
Turkish Language Association
  
Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan, Pashto Academy (Pakistan)
  
Interesting Facts
- Turkish language oldest written records are found upon stone monuments in Central Asia, in Orhun, Yenisey and Talas regions.
- Turkish language was developed in the Middle East, streching all the way to Eastern Europe.
  
- Pashto language is originated in the regions of Paktika and Paktia areas of Afghanistan.
- The first Pashto poem was written in the 7th century.
  
Similar To
Azerbaijani Language
  
Persian and Balochi Languages
  
Derived From
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Alphabets in
Turkish-Alphabets.jpg#200
  
Pashto-Alphabets.jpg#200
  
Phonology
  
  
Scripts
Latin
  
Arabic
  
Writing Direction
Left-To-Right, Horizontal
  
Right-To-Left, Horizontal
  
Hard to Learn
  
  
Hello
Merhaba
  
(salaam) سلام
  
Thank You
teşekkür ederim
  
(manana) مننه (tashakor) تشكر
  
How Are You?
Nasılsın?
  
(ta sanga yee?) څنگه يې؟
  
Good Night
İyi Geceler
  
(shpa mo pa kheyr) شپه مو په خير
  
Good Evening
İyi Akşamlar
  
(maakhaam mo pa kheyr) ماښام مو په خير
  
Good Afternoon
Tünaydın
  
(wradz mo pa kheyr) ورځ مو په خير
  
Good Morning
günaydın
  
(sahr pikheyr) سحر پخير
  
Please
lütfen
  
(lotfan) لطفا
  
Sorry
üzgünüm
  
(zeh mutaasif yum) زه هتاسف يم
  
Bye
Hoşçakal
  
(da khoday pa amaan) دخداى په امان
  
I Love You
Seni seviyorum
  
زه ستا سره مينه کوم (za la ta sara meena kawom)
  
Excuse Me
Afedersiniz
  
(bakhena ghwaarum) بخښنه غواړم
  
Dialect 1
Azerbaijani Turkish
  
Central Pashto
  
Where They Speak
Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Russia, Syria, Turkey
  
Afganistan, Pakistan
  
How Many People Speak
26,000,000.00
  
9
6,500,000.00
  
14
Dialect 2
Crimean Turkish
  
Northern Pashto
  
Where They Speak
Bulgaria, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
  
Afganistan, Pakistan
  
How Many People Speak
21,000,000.00
  
4
Dialect 3
Gagauz
  
Wanetsi
  
Where They Speak
Moldova, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine
  
Afganistan, Pakistan
  
How Many People Speak?
75.00 million
  
23
60.00 million
  
27
Native Speakers
60.00 million
  
20
60.00 million
  
20
Second Language Speakers
15.00 million
  
18
Not Available
  
Native Name
Türkçe
  
(paṧto) پښتو
  
Alternative Names
Anatolian, Türkisch
  
Kandahar Pashto, Qandahar Pashto, Southwestern Pashto, Pushto
  
French Name
turc
  
pachto
  
German Name
Türkisch
  
Paschtu
  
Pronunciation
[ˈtyɾct͡ʃɛ]
  
[ˈpəʂt̪oː], [ˈpʊxt̪oː]
  
Ethnicity
Turkish
  
Pashtun
  
Origin
c. 1350
  
1651
  
Language Family
Turkic Family
  
Indo-European Family
  
Subgroup
Turkic
  
Indo-Iranian
  
Branch
Southwestern(Oghuz)
  
Iranian
  
Language Forms
  
  
Early Forms
Old Anatalian Turkish, Ottoman Turkish and Turkish
  
No early forms
  
Standard Forms
Ottoman Turkish(defunct)
  
Central Pashto, Northern Pashto, Yusufzai Pashto, Southern Pashto
  
Signed Forms
Turkish Sign Language
  
Not Available
  
Scope
Individual
  
Individual
  
ISO 639 1
tr
  
ps
  
ISO 639 2
  
  
ISO 639 2/T
tur
  
pus
  
ISO 639 2/B
tur
  
pus
  
ISO 639 3
tur
  
pus
  
ISO 639 6
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Glottocode
nucl1301
  
pash1269
  
Linguasphere
44-AAB-a
  
58-ABD-a
  
Types of Language
  
  
Language Type
Living
  
Living
  
Language Linguistic Typology
Subject-Object-Verb
  
Subject-Object-Verb
  
Language Morphological Typology
Synthetic
  
Fusional